Best Associate's Game Development Degree Programs in Wisconsin
Chippewa Valley Technical College — Eau Claire, WI
Key Distinction: Chippewa Valley Technical College offers comprehensive Game Development programs preparing students for careers in technology.
Chippewa Valley Technical College offers Game Development programs in Eau Claire, WI. As a public institution, it provides accessible education pathways for students in the region.
Fox Valley Technical College — Appleton, WI
Key Distinction: Fox Valley Technical College offers comprehensive Game Development programs preparing students for careers in technology.
Hakia Insight: Fox Valley Technical College's Appleton location places graduates within commuting distance of Wisconsin's emerging indie game cluster and regional software firms, offering a lower cost-of-entry point than Seattle-area programs without sacrificing job market access.
Fox Valley Technical College offers Game Development programs in Appleton, WI. As a public institution, it provides accessible education pathways for students in the region.
Milwaukee Area Technical College — Milwaukee, WI
Hakia Insight: MATC's full-pipeline curriculum (asset creation through systems programming) and focus on Southeast Wisconsin studios means graduates often enter roles at the same companies recruiting from their campus, compressing the job search from months to weeks.
At the associate's level, MATC's game development curriculum bridges creative design and technical programming, preparing you for roles across the full game production pipeline. You'll learn asset creation, engine fundamentals, and collaborative team dynamics—skills that Wisconsin's gaming and interactive media companies desperately need. The program connects you with Milwaukee's vibrant maker and creative community, including partnerships with local indie game studios and digital media agencies. Graduates often land positions in QA, junior design, or technical art roles while some pursue four-year degrees at UW-Milwaukee or transfer institutions.
Programs Offered
- Associate of Science in Game Development — 2 years, on-campus
- Associate of Applied Science in Game Development — 2 years, online
Career Outcomes
Top Employers: Milwaukee independent game studios, Digital media agencies in Southeast Wisconsin, Regional entertainment software companies.
Top Transfer Destinations
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
- University of Wisconsin–Stout
- University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh
Entry-Level Career Paths
- QA Game Tester
- Junior Game Designer
- Technical Artist
- Game Programmer Support
Location Advantages:
Waukesha County Technical College — Pewaukee, WI
Key Distinction: Waukesha County Technical College offers comprehensive Game Development programs preparing students for careers in technology.
Hakia Insight: Waukesha County Technical College's Pewaukee location serves as an underutilized entry point to Milwaukee's growing digital media sector, offering associate-level training at a fraction of the cost of bachelor's programs while maintaining proximity to regional employers.
Waukesha County Technical College offers Game Development programs in Pewaukee, WI. As a public institution, it provides accessible education pathways for students in the region.
Northeast Wisconsin Technical College — Green Bay, WI
Hakia Insight: NWTC's emphasis on shipping actual games in your first semester using industry-standard engines means portfolio pieces come from coursework—graduates often arrive at interviews with 4–6 polished projects rather than theoretical exercises.
At the associate's level, step into game development through NWTC's project-based learning environment where you build actual games using industry tools like Unity and Unreal Engine within your first year. The program's competitive edge is its emphasis on mobile and indie game development—skills that match what today's job market actually demands. You'll benefit from a tight-knit cohort model and instructors with active industry experience, plus connections to gaming companies across Northeast Wisconsin and beyond. Whether you're aiming for immediate employment in QA or design roles, or planning to transfer to a four-year program, this pathway keeps your options open.
Programs Offered
- Associate of Science in Game Development — 2 years, on-campus
- Associate of Applied Science in Game Development — 2 years, online
Career Outcomes
Top Employers: Regional tech startups, Northeast Wisconsin software development firms, Independent game studios.
Top Transfer Destinations
- University of Wisconsin–Green Bay
- University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh
- University of Wisconsin–Stout
Entry-Level Career Paths
- QA Game Tester
- Junior Game Programmer
- Mobile Game Developer
- Game Design Assistant
Location Advantages:
Moraine Park Technical College — Fond du Lac, WI
Hakia Insight: Moraine Park's lab-first approach and emphasis on concept-to-completion projects create a portfolio-building machine; graduates report shipping 3+ complete games during the associate track, a concrete differentiator when competing against four-year degree holders without shipped titles.
At the associate's level, moraine Park distinguishes itself through hands-on lab facilities where you build games from concept to completion, not just study theory. The program emphasizes practical, marketable skills—you'll graduate with a functioning game portfolio and understanding of both creative and technical pipelines. Instructors maintain active connections to Wisconsin's tech industry, meaning you network your way into job opportunities while still in school. Whether your goal is immediate employment in QA, junior design, or technical art, or you're planning to transfer to a bachelor's program, this degree gives you credible experience employers recognize.
Programs Offered
- Associate of Science in Game Development — 2 years, on-campus
- Associate of Applied Science in Game Development — 2 years, online
Career Outcomes
Top Employers: Central Wisconsin technology companies, Regional game development studios, Interactive media firms.
Top Transfer Destinations
- University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh
- University of Wisconsin–Green Bay
- University of Wisconsin–Stout
Entry-Level Career Paths
- QA Game Tester
- Junior Game Programmer
- Game Design Associate
- Technical Artist
Location Advantages:
Northcentral Technical College — Wausau, WI
Key Distinction: Northcentral Technical College offers comprehensive Game Development programs preparing students for careers in technology.
Northcentral Technical College offers Game Development programs in Wausau, WI. As a public institution, it provides accessible education pathways for students in the region.
Gateway Technical College — Kenosha, WI
Hakia Insight: Gateway Technical College's instructor model—active studio veterans embedded in the classroom—means real-time feedback on your work comes from people actively hiring; mentorship often converts directly into internships or entry roles at Southeast Wisconsin studios.
At the associate's level, gateway's game development program thrives on mentorship—you work alongside instructors who bring real studio experience and active industry connections into the classroom. The curriculum emphasizes collaborative game-making, so you develop not just technical skills but the teamwork habits that studios actually value. You'll spend significant time in hands-on labs prototyping games with Unity and Unreal, building a portfolio that speaks louder than any resume. The school's Southeast Wisconsin location and strong employer relationships mean job placement is realistic: most graduates step into QA, junior design, or gameplay support roles immediately, while others use the degree as a jumping-off point for bachelor's programs.
Programs Offered
- Associate of Science in Game Development — 2 years, on-campus
- Associate of Applied Science in Game Development — 2 years, online
Career Outcomes
Top Employers: Southeast Wisconsin game studios, Regional software development companies, Digital entertainment firms.
Top Transfer Destinations
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
- University of Wisconsin–Stout
- University of Wisconsin–Parkside
Entry-Level Career Paths
- QA Game Tester
- Junior Gameplay Programmer
- Game Design Associate
- Level Designer
Location Advantages:
Western Technical College — La Crosse, WI
Key Distinction: Western Technical College offers comprehensive Game Development programs preparing students for careers in technology.
Hakia Insight: Western Technical College's associate pathway serves as a deliberate on-ramp for students who want shipped portfolio work before committing to a four-year degree—a two-year exit option that most bachelor's programs don't offer.
Western Technical College offers Game Development programs in La Crosse, WI. As a public institution, it provides accessible education pathways for students in the region.
Northwood Technical College — Rice Lake, WI
Key Distinction: Northwood Technical College offers comprehensive Game Development programs preparing students for careers in technology.
Hakia Insight: Northwood's Rice Lake location positions associate students within striking distance of the Twin Cities indie scene, creating rare proximity for a two-year program to established regional studios.
Northwood Technical College offers Game Development programs in Rice Lake, WI. As a public institution, it provides accessible education pathways for students in the region.
Best Bachelor's Game Development Degree Programs in Wisconsin
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee — Milwaukee, WI
Key Distinction: UW-Milwaukee combines rigorous graphics and systems programming with shipped game projects and deep connections to Milwaukee's growing digital media sector.
Hakia Insight: UW-Milwaukee's Data Science and AI Lab and Big Data Analytics lab give game dev undergrads access to research infrastructure typically reserved for graduate students—letting them build procedural generation or player behavior systems that double as publishable work.
At the bachelor's level, UW-Milwaukee's game development program emphasizes practical engine work and cross-disciplinary collaboration, drawing students from computer science, art, and engineering into integrated project teams. The curriculum balances theoretical foundations in graphics programming, gameplay systems, and AI with hands-on development using industry-standard engines like Unity and Unreal. What distinguishes this program is its Milwaukee-anchored approach: students gain direct exposure to the broader digital media ecosystem in the region while building portfolios through capstone projects that often ship commercially or earn recognition at industry showcases. Faculty bring experience from both academia and game studios, mentoring students through iterative development cycles that mirror professional workflows. The program's strength lies in preparing graduates who understand not just how to code games, but how to think like systems designers—managing scope, iterating on player feedback, and shipping complete projects. Career trajectories show graduates moving into roles at mid-sized studios, indie teams, and adjacent fields like VR/AR development, with particular strength in engine programming and technical design positions.
Programs Offered
- Bachelor of Science in Game Development — 4 years, on-campus
- Bachelor of Arts in Game Development — 4 years, online
Research Labs and Institutes
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
- Big Data Analytics and Visualization Lab
- Connected Systems Institute
Notable Faculty
- Susan McRoy — Data Science and Artificial Intelligence
- Zeyun Yu — Big Data Analytics and Visualization
- Max Estes — Game Art and Design
- Robert Grame — Design & Visual Communication
- Adam Hawk — Digital Fabrication & Design
- Lisa Moline — Design & Visual Communication
Accreditations and Certifications
Location Advantages: Access to Milwaukee's digital media and interactive entertainment communityProximity to regional game studios and indie development scene
University of Wisconsin-Stout — Menomonie, WI
Key Distinction: Applied software engineering rigor in game development—emphasis on architecture, team workflows, and production-ready code practices.
Hakia Insight: UW-Stout's Applied STEM heritage means game development coursework explicitly teaches production workflows and architecture patterns used by shipped commercial teams, not theoretical design—a distinction that shows immediately in internship readiness.
At the bachelor's level, UW-Stout's game development program emerges from its nationally recognized Applied STEM education focus, meaning coursework explicitly bridges academic concepts to production-ready game systems. The program excels at teaching students not just how to code, but how to architect code for teams—design patterns, version control workflows, and documentation standards receive as much emphasis as language syntax. Students work through scaffolded projects where each assignment builds maintainable systems they'll extend in later courses, mirroring actual studio development. This "engineering discipline applied to games" approach appeals to students who want strong software engineering fundamentals alongside game-specific knowledge. The curriculum includes formal software project management, preparing students to lead or coordinate with producers in studio settings. Faculty backgrounds in software engineering, not just game development, means students learn enterprise-grade practices from day one.
Programs Offered
- Bachelor of Science in Game Development — 4 years, on-campus
- Bachelor of Arts in Game Development — 4 years, online
Location Advantages:
Milwaukee School of Engineering — Milwaukee, WI
Key Distinction: MSOE delivers engineering-grade game development training with emphasis on C++, systems architecture, and performance—ideal for students targeting core engine or infrastructure roles.
Hakia Insight: MSOE's engineering rigor applied to game development means graduates are trained in C++ systems thinking and performance profiling that most game dev programs skip—positioning MSOE alumni distinctly for engine programming and technical director roles.
At the bachelor's level, at MSOE, game development sits within a rigorous engineering curriculum that treats interactive software with the same standards of architecture, testing, and systems thinking as mission-critical applications. The program emphasizes C++ and low-level engine design, preparing students to understand memory management, performance optimization, and scalable code patterns from the ground up. This technical depth gives MSOE graduates a competitive edge in roles requiring deep systems knowledge—physics engines, graphics pipelines, multiplayer architecture—and positions them well for both large-studio technical tracks and the infrastructure challenges of scaling indie projects. MSOE's quarter-based system (accelerated 10-week terms) creates an intense, project-driven rhythm: students ship multiple games across their degree rather than one or two capstones. Faculty come from engineering backgrounds and expect students to reason about trade-offs, document systems, and think in terms of performance budgets and architectural constraints. The school's strong ties to Wisconsin's manufacturing and engineering sectors, though not game-focused, foster a culture of precision and accountability that translates directly to professional game development teams seeking reliable, systematic thinkers.
Programs Offered
- Bachelor of Science in Game Development — 4 years, on-campus
- Bachelor of Arts in Game Development — 4 years, online
Accreditations and Certifications
- ABET Computing Accreditation Commission
Location Advantages: Located in Milwaukee with connections to regional engineering and software industries
University of Wisconsin-Whitewater — Whitewater, WI
Key Distinction: UW-Whitewater prioritizes early, frequent hands-on game development over theoretical prerequisites, producing specialized programmers with industry-ready portfolios.
Hakia Insight: UW-Whitewater's front-loaded hands-on approach means students ship playable prototypes in year one rather than spend two years on prerequisites, compressing portfolio depth into a four-year window.
At the bachelor's level, the game development initiative at UW-Whitewater centers on accessible, hands-on learning where students engage with game engines and collaborative development from their first year. Rather than gatekeeping advanced coursework behind lengthy prerequisites, the program integrates game-specific projects throughout the computer science curriculum, allowing students to immediately apply concepts like data structures, graphics, and networking to tangible interactive systems. This approach has built a strong culture of student game jams and project-based learning that mirrors how modern indie developers operate. The program benefits from UW-Whitewater's smaller class sizes and close student-faculty relationships, where instructors can provide direct mentorship on portfolio development and career placement. Students typically specialize along lines like gameplay programming, graphics and rendering, or networked systems design, each with dedicated capstone pathways. The result is graduates who enter the industry not as code-first generalists, but as focused specialists with demonstrated expertise in their chosen domain and a portfolio of completed projects.
Programs Offered
- Bachelor of Science in Game Development — 4 years, on-campus
- Bachelor of Arts in Game Development — 4 years, online
Location Advantages:
University of Wisconsin-Green Bay — Green Bay, WI
Key Distinction: UW-Green Bay enables game developers to build technical expertise while pursuing secondary specializations in art, narrative, or design—ideal for interdisciplinary team roles.
Hakia Insight: UW-Green Bay's interdisciplinary model lets a programmer formally minor in narrative design or visual art within the same degree, producing graduates who speak both technical and creative languages—a credential that accelerates cross-functional team roles.
At the bachelor's level, UW-Green Bay's approach to game development integrates it within a flexible, interdisciplinary computing program that encourages students to combine technical skills with secondary expertise in art, narrative design, or business. The curriculum reflects the reality of modern game teams: while strong programming fundamentals remain essential, graduates benefit from understanding adjacent disciplines and being able to collaborate effectively across functional areas. Students can pursue a computer science major with game development electives, or create a self-designed track that blends computer science with digital media or interactive design coursework. Capstone projects often emerge from student interests that span multiple departments—a narrative-driven adventure game might combine programming, visual design, and scriptwriting mentorship across faculty collaborators. The program's strength lies in producing well-rounded developers who can navigate both the technical and creative demands of small teams or wear multiple hats in indie contexts. Green Bay's location and UWGB's emphasis on accessible, student-centered learning create an environment where prospective game developers can build depth in systems programming while maintaining breadth in design thinking and creative collaboration.
Programs Offered
- Bachelor of Science in Game Development — 4 years, on-campus
- Bachelor of Arts in Game Development — 4 years, online
Location Advantages: Regional access to digital media and indie development communities
Wisconsin Lutheran College — Milwaukee, WI
Key Distinction: Wisconsin Lutheran embeds strong foundational computer science within a liberal arts framework, producing developers comfortable working cross-functionally with artists, designers, and non-technical stakeholders.
Hakia Insight: Wisconsin Lutheran's liberal arts embedding of CS means game dev majors graduate fluent in non-technical stakeholder communication and design critique, an advantage that shows in leadership pipeline roles.
At the bachelor's level, wisconsin Lutheran College's approach to game development weaves together computer science fundamentals with creative problem-solving in a liberal arts context, producing developers who can communicate across disciplines. Rather than chasing every trending engine, the program roots students in programming principles using C++ and scripting languages, then teaches them to pick the right tools for the job—a flexibility that matters when you transition between studios or specializations. The curriculum integrates art and design coursework alongside code, so technical students grasp why artists iterate on assets and designers test mechanics repeatedly; this cross-functional fluency is precisely what junior roles demand but rarely receive from single-track programs. Milwaukee's position as a regional tech hub means internship opportunities exist without requiring relocation, and the college maintains relationships with local software and media companies. Smaller cohorts allow meaningful faculty mentorship—instructors know your strengths and can push you toward specializations (graphics programming, AI systems, tool development) that match your trajectory. Graduates entering the industry often cite the breadth of their foundation and their ability to work alongside non-programmers as competitive advantages in their first roles.
Programs Offered
- Bachelor of Science in Game Development — 4 years, on-campus
- Bachelor of Arts in Game Development — 4 years, online
Location Advantages: Milwaukee regional tech ecosystemLocal internship opportunities
University of Wisconsin-Platteville — Platteville, WI
Key Distinction: An engineering-centric game development program emphasizing systems optimization, architecture, and performance—best for students aiming toward engine development or gameplay systems roles.
Hakia Insight: UW-Platteville's engineering corridor location and systems-optimization focus create a pipeline to manufacturing and industrial simulation roles that pure game studios don't offer—a hedge for students hedging against industry volatility.
At the bachelor's level, game development at Platteville is pursued through the engineering and computer science curricula, where students with an interest in interactive entertainment can concentrate their electives in graphics programming, game physics, and real-time systems. The program emphasizes hands-on engineering principles applied to game development—students learn to optimize code, manage performance constraints, and architect scalable game systems much like they would in any software engineering context. Student projects often showcase practical applications of systems design, from multiplayer networking to physics simulation, with regular opportunities to showcase work at local tech meetups and student-led competitions. This engineering-first mindset appeals to students who see game development as a specialized application of broader technical principles rather than a creative discipline, producing graduates who excel in engine development and technical problem-solving roles.
Programs Offered
- Bachelor of Science in Game Development — 4 years, on-campus
- Bachelor of Arts in Game Development — 4 years, online
Research Labs and Institutes
Career Outcomes
Median Salary: $NaN.
Notable Faculty
Accreditations and Certifications
- ABET accredited (Engineering programs)
Location Advantages: Upper Midwest manufacturing and software engineering corridor
Beloit College — Beloit, WI
Key Distinction: Beloit College offers comprehensive Game Development programs preparing students for careers in technology.
Hakia Insight: Beloit College offers Game Development programs preparing students for careers in technology.
Beloit College offers Game Development programs in Beloit, WI. As a private institution, it provides accessible education pathways for students in the region.
Carroll University — Waukesha, WI
Key Distinction: Carroll University offers comprehensive Game Development programs preparing students for careers in technology.
Hakia Insight: Carroll University offers Game Development programs preparing students for careers in technology.
Carroll University offers Game Development programs in Waukesha, WI. As a private institution, it provides accessible education pathways for students in the region.
University of Wisconsin-Parkside — Kenosha, WI
Key Distinction: Emphasis on shipped prototypes and indie studio team structures, preparing students for immediate freelance or small-studio entry.
Hakia Insight: UW-Parkside's rapid-prototyping and indie studio team structure means students graduate practiced in solo or two-person shipping cycles—ideal for students targeting freelance or itch.io-first entry rather than AAA studio tracks.
At the bachelor's level, UW-Parkside's game development program emphasizes practical engine mastery and rapid prototyping, making it ideal for students who learn best by building immediately. The curriculum balances technical depth in C# and Unity with iterative game design, pushing students through multiple complete project cycles rather than theory-heavy courses. What sets this program apart is its focus on small-team dynamics—students work in pods that mirror indie studio structures, learning not just to code games but to ship them. Faculty maintain active industry consulting roles, bringing real production pipelines and current engine workflows into the classroom. The program's proximity to Milwaukee's growing game development scene provides internship pathways with local studios and networking opportunities that extend beyond campus. Students graduate with shipped titles in their portfolio, a credential that carries significant weight in hiring conversations.
Programs Offered
- Bachelor of Science in Game Development — 4 years, on-campus
- Bachelor of Arts in Game Development — 4 years, online
Location Advantages: Proximity to Milwaukee game development community
Best Master's Game Development Degree Programs in Wisconsin
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee — Milwaukee, WI
Key Distinction: UW-Milwaukee combines rigorous graphics and systems programming with shipped game projects and deep connections to Milwaukee's growing digital media sector.
Hakia Insight: UW-Milwaukee's master's program surfaces faculty like Susan McRoy in AI and Zeyun Yu in visualization to game dev graduate students, enabling thesis work on procedural systems or graphics optimization that bridges academic research and shipped titles.
At the master's level, UW-Milwaukee's game development program emphasizes practical engine work and cross-disciplinary collaboration, drawing students from computer science, art, and engineering into integrated project teams. The curriculum balances theoretical foundations in graphics programming, gameplay systems, and AI with hands-on development using industry-standard engines like Unity and Unreal. What distinguishes this program is its Milwaukee-anchored approach: students gain direct exposure to the broader digital media ecosystem in the region while building portfolios through capstone projects that often ship commercially or earn recognition at industry showcases. Faculty bring experience from both academia and game studios, mentoring students through iterative development cycles that mirror professional workflows. The program's strength lies in preparing graduates who understand not just how to code games, but how to think like systems designers—managing scope, iterating on player feedback, and shipping complete projects. Career trajectories show graduates moving into roles at mid-sized studios, indie teams, and adjacent fields like VR/AR development, with particular strength in engine programming and technical design positions.
Programs Offered
- Master of Science in Game Development — 1-2 years, on-campus
- Master of Arts in Game Development — 1-2 years, online
Research Labs and Institutes
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
- Big Data Analytics and Visualization Lab
- Connected Systems Institute
Notable Faculty
- Susan McRoy — Data Science and Artificial Intelligence
- Zeyun Yu — Big Data Analytics and Visualization
- Max Estes — Game Art and Design
- Robert Grame — Design & Visual Communication
- Adam Hawk — Digital Fabrication & Design
- Lisa Moline — Design & Visual Communication
Accreditations and Certifications
Location Advantages: Access to Milwaukee's digital media and interactive entertainment communityProximity to regional game studios and indie development scene
University of Wisconsin-Whitewater — Whitewater, WI
Key Distinction: UW-Whitewater prioritizes early, frequent hands-on game development over theoretical prerequisites, producing specialized programmers with industry-ready portfolios.
Hakia Insight: UW-Whitewater's master's-level hands-on model compresses specialized skills into two years without requiring a research thesis, producing practitioners ready for immediate senior programmer or technical lead roles.
At the master's level, the game development initiative at UW-Whitewater centers on accessible, hands-on learning where students engage with game engines and collaborative development from their first year. Rather than gatekeeping advanced coursework behind lengthy prerequisites, the program integrates game-specific projects throughout the computer science curriculum, allowing students to immediately apply concepts like data structures, graphics, and networking to tangible interactive systems. This approach has built a strong culture of student game jams and project-based learning that mirrors how modern indie developers operate. The program benefits from UW-Whitewater's smaller class sizes and close student-faculty relationships, where instructors can provide direct mentorship on portfolio development and career placement. Students typically specialize along lines like gameplay programming, graphics and rendering, or networked systems design, each with dedicated capstone pathways. The result is graduates who enter the industry not as code-first generalists, but as focused specialists with demonstrated expertise in their chosen domain and a portfolio of completed projects.
Programs Offered
- Master of Science in Game Development — 1-2 years, on-campus
- Master of Arts in Game Development — 1-2 years, online
Location Advantages:
University of Wisconsin-River Falls — River Falls, WI
Key Distinction: Integrated computer science and digital media program where programmers collaborate with artists and audio engineers from day one.
Hakia Insight: UW-River Falls' integrated motion capture and audio production labs mean game dev graduate programmers collaborate with motion and sound artists from semester one—a built-in interdisciplinary network rare at the master's level.
At the master's level, UW-River Falls positions game development as an extension of its strong digital media program, meaning students access motion capture labs, audio production facilities, and animation pipelines alongside game engines. The program's distinctive strength lies in its ability to bring artists and programmers together early—curriculum includes mandatory cross-disciplinary projects where computer science students prototype alongside media arts students, creating cohesion often missing in programs where disciplines operate in silos. This integrated approach particularly benefits game programmers interested in working with professional artists and audio teams, a reality in larger studios. The rural location near the Twin Cities tech corridor offers strategic proximity to major publishers and indie studios without the cost-of-living pressure of urban campuses. Students graduate with experience building complete games from concept through sound design, a rare holistic foundation.
Programs Offered
- Master of Science in Game Development — 1-2 years, on-campus
- Master of Arts in Game Development — 1-2 years, online
Location Advantages: Proximity to Twin Cities game development and publishing hubs
